Ice+Ice+Baby

= The Psychology Behind Development =

From Birth to Death: A Look at Conflicts and Accomplishments
By: Joe Jendrus



** Freud's Stages of Psychosexual Development **
if integration of earlier stages was successful ||
 * = **Stage** ||= **Age** ||= ** Erogenous Zones ** ||= ** Major Developmental Task **
 * (Potential Source of Conflict) ** ||= ** Adult Characteristics of Children Fixated at Stage ** ||
 * = Oral ||= 0-1 ||= Mouth, lips, tounge ||= Weaning ||= Oral behavior, overeating, smoking; passivity and gullibility ||
 * = Anal ||= 1-3 ||= Anus ||= Toilet training ||= Orderliness, parsimoniousness, obstinacy, or the opposite ||
 * = Phallic ||= 3-6 ||= Genitals ||= Oedipus/Electra complexes ||= Vanity, recklessness, or the opposite ||
 * = Latency ||= 6-11 ||= No Specific area ||= Development of defense mechanisms ||= None: fixation does not normally occur at this stage ||
 * = Genital ||= 11-18 ||= Genitals ||= Mature sexual intimacy ||= Should emerge with a sincere interest in others and a mature sexuality

===** Erickson's Psychosocial Stages of Development **=== vs. Feelings of inadequacy to control events ||
 * = **Stage** ||= **Basic Conflict** ||= **Important Events** ||= **Outcome (Adequate vs. Inadequate Resolution)** ||
 * = Infancy (birth to 18 months) ||= Trust vs. mistrust ||= Feeding ||= Basic sense of safety vs. Insecurity, anxiety ||
 * = Early Childhood (2-3 years) ||= Autonomy vs. self-doubt ||= Toilet training ||= Perception of self as agent capable of controlling own body and external events
 * = Preschool (3-5 years) ||= Initiative vs. guilt ||= Exploration ||= Confidence in oneself as initiator, creator vs. Feelings of lack of self-worth ||
 * = School Age (6-11 years) ||= Competence vs. inferiority ||= School ||= Adequacy in basic social and intellectual skills vs. Lack of self-confidence, feelings of failure ||
 * = Adolescence (12 to 18 years) ||= Identity vs. role confusion ||= Social Relationships ||= Comfortable sense of self as a person vs. Sense of self as fragmented ||
 * = Young Adulthood (19 to 40 years) ||= Intimacy vs. isolation ||= Relationships ||= Capacity for closeness and commitment to another vs. Feeling of aloneness, separation ||
 * = Middle Adulthood (40 to 65 years) ||= Generativity vs. stagnation ||= Work and Parenthood ||= Focus of concern beyond oneself to others in society vs. Self-indulgent concerns ||
 * = Maturity (65 to death) ||= Ego integrity vs. despair ||= Reflection on life ||= Sense of wholeness and satisfaction with life vs. Disappointment ||


 * = **Age** ||= **General Accomplishment**s ||
 * = 1 Month ||= Hand to mouth reflex, grasping reflex, rooting reflex (turning cheek toward touch), Moro reflex (digital extension when startled), sucking reflex, Babinski reflex (toes spread when sole of foot is touched). Visual tracking. Differentiation of sounds. ||
 * = 2 Months ||= Eyes follow moving person and rattle, smiles when stimulated, head bobbing. ||
 * = 3 Months ||= Coos and chuckles, eyes follow moving objects all planes, searches for sound with eyes, actively holds rattle placed in hand. ||
 * = 4 Months ||= Rolls over both ways, laughs, puts toys to mouth. ||
 * = 5 Months ||= Squeals, finger play, brings hand to mid-line. ||
 * = 6 Months ||= Sits with assistance, talks to toys spontaneously, reaches out grasping toys with one hand. ||
 * = 7 Months ||= Vowel sounds in a series, bangs table with toy, transfers from hand to hand, sits briefly placed on hard surface. ||
 * = 8 Months ||= Consonant sounds, handles toy in each hand, pivots prone using arms, sits alone steadily. ||
 * = 9 Months ||= Bangs 2 toys together, pulls self to standing, stands supported, craws or creeps on hands and knees. ||
 * = 10 Months ||= Waves "bye", plays hand games, says "dada" or "mama", explores toy. ||
 * = 11 Months ||= Holds out toy but doesn't let go, walks around furniture, walks with both hands held, stands alone. ||
 * = 12 Months ||= Understands some limited basic commands, says a couple words, walks with one hand held. ||
 * = 2-3 years ||= Walks alone, builds things, names pictures, reproductive memory, growth of language, motor skills such as balance developing. ||