Babies+Day+by+Day

=Baby Timeline=

Theories proposed by Sigmund Freud emphasized that childhood events and experiences are very imporant for a child to function normally. Freud believes that child development comes in a series of psychosexual stages: oral, anal, phallic, latency and gential. Theories proposed by Erik Erikson encompassed development throughout a human's lifespan. Eirkson believed that each stage of life had to do with overcoming a type of conflict. The success or failure of overcoming this conflict will impact the way a person functions.


 * =**Stages**= || =// Freud //= || =// Erikson //= ||
 * ** Oral Stage **
 * Oral-Sensory Stage ** || **Birth-18 months. Sucking is the primary source of pleasure of a newborn. Everything that a child is given goes into their mouth. In this stage, a baby is very dependent and can do very little for itself, and the only way a child can move onto the next stage is if the primary caregiver properly fulfills all of the babies needs.** || ** 0 to 1 year. The first stage centers around the babies basic needs which must be met by the parents. The infant is extremely dependent on the parent for food, comfort etc. This stage is also known as trust vs. mistrust because the major developmental task for an infant is to be sure that the primary caregiver will fulfill its needs. If the caregiver regularly fulfills the infants primary needs then the child will learn to trust others. If the caregiver is neglectful, the infant learns that the world is dangerous. ** ||
 * **Anal Stage**
 * Musuclar-Anal Stage ** || **18 months to 3.5 years. During this stage, the child is focused on the anus, this is also a time when the child is going through toilet training. Freud believes that a babyes sexual pleasure comes from the anus. Self-control and obedience are very importantant at this time too, and not just to toilet train, but the baby must now learn to control urges and behaviors.** || ** 2 to 3 years. Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt. The child begins to explore their surroundings. If the child properly developed in the first stage, it now trusts its parents. The baby will wander away from the parents, knowing that there is a strong base of security waiting for them once they are done exploring. The child goes through muscular maturation. the child can feel shame or embarassment, which can envolve into self-doubt if the parents shame the child many times. ** ||
 * ** Phallic Stage ** || **3.5 to 6 years. At this time,Freud believes that boys and girls are interested in playing with their genitals. Morality and sexuality identification is very important to a child at this age. Freud believes that chidlren have sexual feelings for the opposite sexed parent, which is known as the Oedipus, or Electra, complex. The child feels like he/she is in competition with the same sex parent for the attention of the other parent.** || ** None. ** ||
 * ** Latency Stage **
 * Locomotor-Genital Stage ** || ** 6 years to puberty. The latency stage is relatively calm. Any sexual or agressive drives begin to calm and there is little psychosexual conflict within the child. ** || ** 3 to 5 years. It is also known as the Initiative vs. Guilt stage. At this stage the child begins to take on tasks to keep themselves busy for the activity, which stimulates them physically and mentally. The child may feel guilt over some goals, usually if they consider doing something agressive. Furthermore, the child now wants to mimic adults, which explains why children usually play with dolls and figures at this time. A child has their own view on what the real world is, and they use toys to express this. ** ||
 * **Genital Stage﻿**
 * Latency stage ** || ** Post puberty. The physical focus during the genital stage is, shockingly, the genitals. At this time a person develops maturity with goals to enhance their life. It is not just important to reproduce, but also develop intellectually and artistically. Furthermore, relationships begin to form during the genital stage. ** || ** 6 to 11 years. The child begins to build, create and accomplish many things. Starting from elementary school a child is given a set of strict instructions to follow through as well as fundamentals on technology. The goal for the child now is to follow these rules and gains skills. If the child is not successful in gaining skills there is a danger that they feel inadequate in the eyes of their peers. ** ||
 * ** Adolesence ** || ** None. ** || ** 11 through to the end of adolescence. At this age the child is going through their own inner struggle to identify themselves. All adolescents wonder about who they truly are, they also are preoccupied with the way they look, their role models, their sexuality and their own beliefs and principles. At this stage in life, a child is basically in search of an identity for themselves. ** ||

=Developments Month by Month= Amrita Ramachandran
 * **Months** || **Developments** ||
 * **One month** || **Hand to mouth reflex, grasping reflex, they will turn their cheek when touched, they have a sucking reflex etc. The baby can now also focus on objects from a distance of 8 inches away.** ||
 * **Two months** || **Follows a person, when they are moving, with its eyes. The baby can now also lift its head half way, and can sit with support.** ||
 * **Three months** || **Their eyes can follow moving objects on all planes, will search for sounds when heard, will hold rattle in its hand. Furthermore, the baby can hold its head up at 45 degrees and keep it there.** ||
 * **Four months** || **Baby can roll over both ways, and can lift its head high with its chest up.** ||
 * **Five months** || **The child will shake and play with anything that is given, and will grasp at several objects. The baby will squeal, chuckle and cooe, and will play with its fingers. Furthermore, when the child is pulled up to sit its head will not lag.** ||
 * **Six months** || **At six months, the child still needs to sit with assistance. They will spontaneously talk to their toys and will reach out for toys with one hand.** ||
 * **Seven months** || **The baby can sit briefly by itself, can make vowel sounds in a series, and will transfer their toys from hand to hand.** ||
 * **Eight months** || **The baby will now handle a toy in each hand and can now sit alone.** ||
 * **Nine months** || **The baby can pull itself to stand and can stand with with support. Furthermore, the baby will crawl on hands and knees.** ||
 * **Ten months** || **The baby will now wave and plays hand cames. Furthermore, the child will say "dada and mama" and will explore its toy.** ||
 * **11 months** || **Can walk around furniture, they can also stand alone and walk if the parent holds both hands.** ||
 * **12 months** || **Understands commands like "give it to me", and can walk with only one hand held.** ||
 * **13-14 months** || **Walks alone; speaks 3-6 words.** ||
 * **15 months** || **Shows and offers toys; improves in speech.** ||
 * **16-18 months** || **Understands simple commands, can feed self with some spilling, can walk fast, and can walk upstairs if one hand is held.** ||
 * **19-24 months** || **Evidence of a reproductive memory. Will listen to stories with pictures, and, if asked to, will stand on request after sitting in chair or on floor.** ||
 * **25-30 months** || **Growth of language: personal pronouns. Can take steps backward for 10 feet, can climb ladders in a playground and can use simple prounouns like "I", "me", "you", etc.** ||
 * **31-42 months** || **Will speak spontaneously and more than half of what they say is understandable. The child can now work well on toes, and can walk up stairs if holding on to the railing.** ||